Psychosocial factors and obstetric complications associated with postpartum depression in women receiving care at a health facility in Piura.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37787/zm24je39Keywords:
Keywords: Primary Care; Maternal Health; Prevention.Abstract
Objective: To determine the association of psychosocial factors and obstetric complications with postpartum depression (PPD) in women who had recently given birth and were attended at the GEMA Clinical Analysis Center in Piura. Methodology: A quantitative, correlational-analytical, cross-sectional study involving 232 women. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the Family APGAR scale, and a sociodemographic survey were administered; data were analyzed using bivariate analysis and logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of PPD was 38.8%. Psychosocial factors showed the strongest associations: severe family dysfunction (aOR: 4.87), intimate partner violence (aOR: 4.12), inadequate social support (aOR: 3.42), and emotional stress (aOR: 3.28). Among obstetric complications, only emergency cesarean section (aOR: 2.89) and postpartum hemorrhage (aOR: 2.33) remained as independent factors. Age under 20 years (aOR: 2.15) and insufficient prenatal care (aOR: 2.22) increased the risk, whereas higher education served as a protective factor (aOR: 0.41). Conclusions: PPD affects nearly 4 out of 10 women who have recently given birth, with psychosocial determinants playing a more prominent role than obstetric ones. Recommendations include implementing routine screening using the EPDS and Family APGAR, strengthening support networks, and detecting intimate partner violence at the primary care level to reduce the burden of PPD in Peru.
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